灰姑娘社区免费视频在线看

精密模具零件加工的磨削加工工藝

      精密模具零件加工的磨削加工工藝

      模(mo)具(ju)(ju)配(pei)件是指裝配(pei)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件或部(bu)件；也可以指損(sun)壞后重新安裝上的(de)(de)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)零(ling)(ling)件或部(bu)件。精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)一般是由許多零(ling)(ling)件構(gou)成(cheng)，可以分為兩(liang)類：工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)零(ling)(ling)件和結構(gou)零(ling)(ling)件。工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)零(ling)(ling)件直接對成(cheng)型產品質(zhi)量(liang)造成(cheng)影響(xiang)，工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)零(ling)(ling)件的(de)(de)決勝品質(zhi)在(zai)當(dang)下的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)配(pei)件均用精(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)手段(duan)(duan)(duan)來完成(cheng)。精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)過程關系(xi)到精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)壽命和成(cheng)型產品，在(zai)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)配(pei)件加(jia)工(gong)中的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)(duan)除采用慢走絲線切(qie)割、電火花成(cheng)型等工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)手段(duan)(duan)(duan)外，另采用的(de)(de)方(fang)法即(ji)是在(zai)半精(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)后，熱處理基(ji)礎上磨削加(jia)工(gong)。

       那么在(zai)精密(mi)模(mo)具(ju)配件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的磨削加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)階段需要(yao)控(kong)制好(hao)零(ling)件的變(bian)形(xing)、內應力、形(xing)狀公差及尺寸精度等許多(duo)技術參(can)數。在(zai)具(ju)體的生產(chan)實踐中，操作(zuo)困難較多(duo)，但是(shi)在(zai)東莞市時利和(he)(he)15年的精密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)經(jing)驗中可以(yi)總結(jie)分析的出可以(yi)借鑒的方法：一、從模(mo)具(ju)的精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程控(kong)制精密(mi)模(mo)具(ju)配件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，我們可以(yi)針對(dui)不同(tong)(tong)的模(mo)具(ju)零(ling)件、不同(tong)(tong)的材質、不同(tong)(tong)的形(xing)狀和(he)(he)不同(tong)(tong)的技術要(yao)求進行適應性加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，提供選擇性方案。通過(guo)對(dui)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的控(kong)制，達到更好(hao)的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)效果和(he)(he)經(jing)濟性是(shi)大多(duo)數精密(mi)模(mo)具(ju)配件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業關(guan)注的重點(dian)。精密(mi)模(mo)具(ju)配件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的工(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程一般為：粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)—半精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)—（淬火、調質）—精密(mi)磨削—電加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)—鉗(qian)工(gong)(gong)修整—組裝加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)。

       在精密(mi)模(mo)具配件加工的磨(mo)削加工階(jie)段主(zhu)要(yao)采(cai)用的機床(chuang)有三種(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)類型：平面磨(mo)床(chuang)、內外(wai)圓(yuan)磨(mo)床(chuang)及工具成(cheng)型磨(mo)削機床(chuang)。精加工磨(mo)削時(shi)要(yao)嚴格控制磨(mo)削變(bian)形和(he)磨(mo)削裂紋的出(chu)現，哪(na)怕(pa)是工件表面的顯微(wei)裂紋，否則在后續的工作中也會漸(jian)漸(jian)顯露(lu)出(chu)來。因此，精密(mi)磨(mo)削時(shi)的進刀量要(yao)小，磨(mo)削中冷卻要(yao)充分，盡(jin)量選擇冷卻液介(jie)質(zhi)，加工余量在0.01mm內的零件要(yao)盡(jin)量恒(heng)溫磨(mo)削。

       磨削(xue)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)要(yao)(yao)及時(shi)(shi)修整砂輪(lun)，保持砂輪(lun)的(de)銳利(li)，當(dang)砂輪(lun)鈍化后(hou)會在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)滑擦、刻劃(hua)、擠壓，造成工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)燒傷(shang)、顯(xian)微裂痕或產生(sheng)溝槽，對(dui)以(yi)后(hou)的(de)使用顯(xian)著地降低(di)效用。盤(pan)類、板(ban)類零件(jian)(jian)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)大部分采用平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)磨床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)長(chang)而薄的(de)薄板(ban)件(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)，有一定的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)難(nan)度(du)。加(jia)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)在(zai)(zai)磨床磁力臺的(de)強力吸引下，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)原先存在(zai)(zai)某(mou)種彎曲產生(sheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)直(zhi)形(xing)變(bian)，貼近于(yu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺表面(mian)，待磨削(xue)后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)又(you)在(zai)(zai)原應(ying)力作(zuo)用下變(bian)形(xing)回(hui)復，測量板(ban)件(jian)(jian)厚度(du)時(shi)(shi)顯(xian)示一致，但由于(yu)變(bian)形(xing)回(hui)復，平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)度(du)達(da)不到精密(mi)模具配件(jian)(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)應(ying)該(gai)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，解決(jue)的(de)方法是(shi)磨削(xue)前(qian)以(yi)等高墊鐵墊在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)下面(mian)，四(si)周用擋塊擋住工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)防止走動，磨削(xue)時(shi)(shi)磨頭進刀量要(yao)(yao)小，用多次(ci)走刀方式完成基(ji)準(zhun)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)，基(ji)準(zhun)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)好一面(mian)后(hou)，可(ke)用這一基(ji)準(zhun)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)吸附在(zai)(zai)磁力臺上，通過如上所(suo)述的(de)磨削(xue)方法可(ke)改善大部分工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)度(du)。